International Harvester McCormick Deering
1 model in this series
International Harvester McCormick-Deering 10-20 – early four-cylinder standard tractor with a kerosene engine, 14.9 kW and a 7 km/h top speed, built from 1923 to 1939.
The McCormick-Deering 10-20 is one of International Harvester's early production tractors, built from 1923 to 1939, at a time when the shift from steam and horse-drawn work to the motorised farm tractor was in full swing. Its name joins the two brands, McCormick and Deering, whose merger in 1902 had created International Harvester.
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The 10-20 is driven by a water-cooled four-cylinder engine of 4,649 cm3 displacement, running on kerosene or petrol and producing 14.9 kW (20.3 hp) at around 1,000 rpm. At 1,819 kg, 3,124 mm long and 1,524 mm wide on a 1,981 mm wheelbase, it is a light standard tractor typical of its time. Its design top speed is 7.0 km/h.
A low-compression, open-cooled kerosene engine was the common answer in the 1920s to a fuel that was cheaper than petrol but harder to ignite, so such engines ran at noticeably lower speeds than today's diesels. At 7 km/h top speed, the 10-20 was a pure field-work machine with no road ambitions at all, quite unlike modern tractors with their driving licence classes up to 40 or 60 km/h.
On a hundred-year-old tractor of this type, substance matters more than cosmetics: the condition of the crankshaft and its bearing shells, the tightness of the cooling system, and the state of the belt pulley, which on machines like this often drove stationary equipment as well. Iron wheels and steel spokes should be checked for cracks. Parts are found through specialist vintage farm machinery dealers rather than ordinary trade channels.
Sources: SpecCodex-Register: Kennwerte des Modells International Harvester McCormick Deering 10-20
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